Identifying as LGBTQ+ in Professional Soccer: A Toxic Environment
“We've got mountains to do” - the athlete on anti-gay prejudice in soccer
“You don't belong on this earth” ... “What are you doing here?” ... “Don't take another breath.”
Since revealing he was gay in 2021, player Josh Cavallo has faced constant threats and hateful comments on social media.
“Upon reading those comments, it broke my heart,” Cavallo states. “No-one wants to read things like that.
“I'm working to improve my skills and reach my full potential during matches, and then face criticism because of who I am. It's disgusting.”
Midfielder Cavallo was at Adelaide United back in 2020 when he became the only openly gay top-flight male professional footballer in the world.
This summer he left Australia to join non-league Peterborough Sports, who compete before audiences of about 400 in National League North, the sixth tier of English football.
The 25-year-old balances his sports career for the semi-professional team by advocating for LGBTQ+ issues and leveraging his platform - boasting over a million followers on social media - to promote fairness and acceptance.
“Definitely, there's enormous work ahead,” Cavallo says when asked if football still has a problem with discrimination.
“I don't go more than a week without hearing about an issue.”
‘People want to harm me’
The player was raised in Melbourne
It took years for Cavallo to build up the bravery to say “I am homosexual” before revealing his sexuality on October 27th, 2021.
“My only desire is play football and receive fair treatment,” he stated in an accompanying video.
Cavallo was twenty-one and building his reputation at Adelaide United in the premier division when, backed by his colleagues, he publicly came out.
“I didn't know what was ahead. I had no expectations,” he says. “The moment seemed appropriate in my life. I needed to move forward.”
The heartfelt revelation clip, titled ‘Josh's Truth’, gained massive attention on digital platforms.
“My phone was flooded with encouraging words. The response was incredible.”
A prominent club were one of many high-profile clubs around the world to show solidarity with Cavallo, with then manager Jurgen Klopp saying: “I appreciate that he took this step because now we talk again.”
Barcelona defender Gerard Pique also expressed backing, posting online that “soccer culture is far behind and you are helping us move forward”, while Adelaide United issued a statement supporting their “remarkable” and “brave” player.
Some people, however, were not so accepting.
The footballer quickly became a subject to homophobic abuse by opposition fans.
During early 2022 a competing team were penalized five thousand dollars over anti-gay abuse from spectators directed at Cavallo during a game.
“The comments I encountered were hurtful and disparaging towards my community,” he says.
“I remained calm because responding would encourage detractors.”
There was a frightening incident at a petrol station in Australia, where the athlete was physically attacked by someone who recognised him from the media attention.
“It was terrifying,” he remembers. “I remember thinking ‘this is happening - individuals intend to hurt me’.
“Is it acceptable? Definitely not. But by coming out, this is what it brings.
“I hope that future individuals who reveals their orientation while playing football at a professional standard doesn't have to experience the journey I have experienced.”
Cavallo says the daily death threats and abusive messages have affected his psychological well-being.
“It's disappointing because I am having to explain why I belong on the football field for being who I am,” he says.
“Heterosexual players aren't questioned and ask ‘what gives you the right in football?’.
“A lot of people see me as a smiling, optimistic person. But sometimes when I lean on my fiance, Leighton, and he gets to see a lot that happens behind the scenes.”
‘Premier League player coming out would move mountains’
The player's choice to disclose his orientation helped inspire 17-year-old attacking player Jake Daniels to announce he was gay as the UK's only openly gay active male professional footballer in spring 2022.
Nevertheless, there are no openly gay or bisexual players in the top English division.
“It would create massive change,” comments the footballer on the impact a elite athlete coming out would have.
“But I'm not going to sugar-coat it. There are a lot of scary things that would come this person's way. Within soccer culture, identifying as LGBTQ is a highly hostile environment.”
Twenty-seven years after a pioneering player - the UK's initial out soccer professional - took his own life in 1998, Cavallo has discussed the “harmful male culture” that still exists in professional soccer.
“You just need to go to a match and observe the unfriendly atmosphere and male-dominated culture that the audience creates,” he says.
“Much remains to be done to make sure there is a secure environment in football for individuals like me and his colleague.
“Progress has been limited (more players coming out) as frequently as desired.
“I can only keep pushing for principles I believe in, and work towards eliminating the toxic masculinity in football changing rooms and establishing secure environments.”
‘I'm here to create change’
The athlete was awarded an honorary degree from an academic institution in Adelaide in 2022, recognising his contributions as a inspirational figure in sport and a advocate for fairness
The player says soccer has enabled discussions within team environments about revealing one's orientation.
However, he is disapproving toward Fifa, after Qatar, where homosexual partnerships are against the law, hosted the men's World Cup in 2022.
The 2034 tournament is scheduled in Saudi Arabia, where same-sex attraction is also illegal.
“Do I approve that the World Cup is in countries that criminalise same-sex marriages, where people like me will be imprisoned for merely living on that land? It's frightening,” says the athlete.
“I get messages [from residents of such nations] saying ‘I'm about to be put in prison for my identity - is assistance possible?’.
“It's devastating that people are getting locked up for their true selves.
“Certain nations that are significant soccer markets and they reject LGBTQ+ people. Those are the countries that tend to target me.”
Despite this, Cavallo says he won't cease advocating.
“Football has enabled dialogue in the changing room. It lets me communicate and inform individuals who want to learn more.
“Some will disapprove for your identity. But I've discovered support. I have found my community.
“My purpose is to drive progress. That's my objective.”